Here are some excerpts of a paper on the functioning of Hydroxychloroquine, the drug being touted as a medicine to combat CoronaVirus. It can be seen that it’s major action, supportive of the previous data I’ve presented, is raising pH…
Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) enters and accumulates in lysosomes along a pH gradient. In lysosomes, hydroxychloroquine inhibits the degradation of cargo derived externally (via endocytosis or phagocytosis) or internally (via the autophagy pathway) in autolysosomes by increasing the pH to prevent the activity of lysosomal enzymes. Inhibition of lysosomal activity can prevent MHC class II-mediated autoantigen presentation.
Hydroxychloroquine can also accumulate in endosomes and bind to the minor groove of double-stranded DNA. This drug can inhibit Toll-like receptor (TLR) signalling by altering the pH of endosomes (involved in TLR processing) and/or preventing TLR7 and TLR9 from binding their ligands (RNA and DNA, respectively). Hydroxychloroquine can also inhibit the activity of the nucleic acid sensor cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) by interfering with its binding to cytosolic DNA. By preventing TLR signalling and cGAS–stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signalling, hydroxychloroquine can reduce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including type I interferons.
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As the pH in lysosomes is optimal for lysosomal enzymes involved in hydrolysis, by increasing the pH of endosomal compartments85, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine might impair the maturation of lysosomes and autophagosomes and inhibit antigen presentation along the lysosomal pathway (Fig. 3).
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These processes possibly occur, at least in part, through drug-mediated changes in the pH of autophagosomes and/or lysosomes, which indirectly influence immune activation; however, such a mode of action requires additional validation to aid with future drug development.
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41584-020-0372-x
This is the drug they are saying shows great promise for Coronavirus treatment.
Here is excerpts from a paper just being released, where studies have shown 100% cure rate with CoronaVirus:
He talks about lowering the acidity in the cells…
https://www.covidtrial.io/
From their prelim paper:
Specifically, the CDC research was completed in primate cells using chloroquine’s well known function of elevating endosomal pH. The results show that “We have identified chloroquine as an effective antiviral agent for SARS-CoV in cell culture conditions, as evidenced by its inhibitory effect when the drug was added prior to infection or after the initiation and establishment of infection. The fact that chloroquine exerts an antiviral effect during pre- and postinfection conditions suggest that it is likely to have both prophylactic and therapeutic advantages.
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When chloroquine is added after infection, it can rapidly raise the pH and subvert on-going fusion events between virus and endosomes, thus inhibiting the infection. When added after the initiation of infection, it likely affects the endosome-mediated fusion, subsequent virus replication, or assembly and release. Specifically, rapid elevation of endosomal pH and abrogation of virus-endosome fusion may be the primary mechanism by which virus infection is prevented under post-treatment conditions.
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Specifically, the virus depends on turning over the host proteins to trigger response for available building blocks to make their own proteins or nucleic acids. They break down due to low PH catalyzed by hydrolysis.
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It is this part of the coronavirus’ replicative path that chloroquine inhibits. Notably, because of its nitrogen structure, chloroquine has the unique ability to get into cells and cross endosomal membranes. Once inside, nitrogens in chloroquine (and quinines in general) prevent acidification by absorbing a high amount of hydrogens that simply then interact with nitrogen and then chloroquine becomes positively charged – an ionic interaction which makes it harder for the endosome to become acidified. The result is a buffer that holds it at the higher pH and prevents it from becoming acidic enough to be functional. To summarize, because chloroquine has a multitude of extra nitrogens, once it crosses the membrane and enters an organelle, the organelle is prevented from reaching a lower pH. The organelle’s enzymes cannot work because the donor group will be a hydrogen ion, disabling the hydrolysis required for coronavirus replication. This means that all kinds of events in the cell are incapable of performing optimally, including viral replication.
https://github.com/covidtrial/info/raw/master/An%20Effective%20Treatment%20for%20Coronavirus%20(COVID-19).pdf
Biological Ionisation…
Wonder why I go on and on about pH…
Stunning nobody is talking about Milk Of Magnesia, or other inexpensive pH raising substances…
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